Head-up display device for vehicle

ABSTRACT

Provided is a Head Up Display (HUD) device for a vehicle, the device including: a plurality of light emitting devices; an image forming panel configured to generate an image based on light provided from the plurality of light emitting devices and output the image; a lens system arranged between the plurality of light emitting devices and the image forming device and configured to transmit light generated by the plurality of light emitting devices to the image forming panel; and a processor configured to control the plurality of light emitting devices and the image forming panel, wherein each of the plurality of light emitting devices is mounted to a circuit board by direct bonding.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a Head Up Display (HUD) device

BACKGROUND ART

A vehicle is an apparatus that moves in a direction desired by a userriding therein. A typical example of the vehicle may be an automobile.

Meanwhile, a variety of sensors and electronic devices have been mountedin vehicles for the convenience of a user who uses the vehicle. Inparticular, for user driving convenience, an Advanced Driver AssistanceSystem (ADAS) has been actively studied. In addition, efforts have beenvigorously making to develop autonomous vehicles.

Meanwhile, it is necessary to develop a variety of devices for interfacebetween the a vehicle and a user. In particular, efforts is being madeto research a Head Up Display (HUD) device in which a picture isimplemented on a windshield to allow a user to recognize informationwhile driving.

Such a HUD device displays an image using a light source, but a HUDdevice according to a related art has a problem of low systemefficiency.

In particular, a lens system in the HUD device according to the relatedart is not able to efficiently use light generated by light emittingdevices.

DISCLOSURE Technical Problem

To solve the aforementioned problem, the present invention provides aHead Up Display (HUD) device of which system efficiency, especially,optical efficiency, has improved.

Objects of the present invention should not be limited to theaforementioned objects and other unmentioned objects will be clearlyunderstood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

Technical Solution

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the above andother objects can be accomplished by the provision of a Head Up Display(HUD) device for a vehicle, the device including: a plurality of lightemitting devices; an image forming panel configured to generate an imagebased on light provided from the plurality of light emitting devices andoutput the image; a lens system arranged between the plurality of lightemitting devices and the image forming device and configured to transmitlight generated by the plurality of light emitting devices to the imageforming panel; and a processor configured to control the plurality oflight emitting devices and the image forming panel, wherein each of theplurality of light emitting devices is mounted to a circuit board bydirect bonding.

The details of other embodiments are included in the followingdescription and the accompanying drawings.

Advantageous Effects

The embodiments of the present invention have one or more effects asfollows.

First, it is possible to apply local dimming when necessary.

Second, it is possible to reduce power consumption and increase energyefficiency.

Third, it is possible to increase optical efficiency.

Fourth, it is possible to implement a picture uniformly.

Third, it is advantageous in heat treatment of a light source.

Effects of the present invention should not be limited to theaforementioned effects and other unmentioned effects will be clearlyunderstood by those skilled in the art from the claims.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a view of the external appearance of a vehicle according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is different angled views of a vehicle according to an embodimentof the present invention.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are views of the internal configuration of a vehicleaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are views referred to for explaining objects according toan embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram referred to for explaining a vehicle accordingto an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8A is a diagram illustrating an example of an exterior of a Head UpDisplay (HUD) device according to an embodiment of the presentinvention, and FIG. 8B is a conceptual diagram referred to forexplaining a HUD device according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are diagrams referred to for explaining an imagegeneration unit included in a HUD device according to an embodiment ofthe present invention.

FIGS. 10 to 12 are diagram referred to for explaining a Fly Eye Lens(FEL) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram referred to for explaining an area of an imageforming panel corresponding to a cell size of an FEL according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram referred to for explaining various areas dependenton various optic patterns of an FEL in an image forming panel accordingto an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 15A to 15C are exemplary diagrams referred to for explaining anoperation of how a picture is implemented in a HUD device according toan embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 16 and 17 are diagrams referred to for explaining a light emittingdevice according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram referred to for explaining a backlight unitaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 19 to 21 are diagrams referred to for explaining a HUD device inthe case where a plurality of light emitting devices forms an arrayaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

BEST MODE

Hereinafter, the embodiments disclosed in the present specification willbe described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, andthe same or similar elements are denoted by the same reference numeralseven though they are depicted in different drawings and redundantdescriptions thereof will be omitted. In the following description, withrespect to constituent elements used in the following description, thesuffixes “module” and “unit” are used or combined with each other onlyin consideration of ease in the preparation of the specification, and donot have or serve as different meanings. Accordingly, the suffixes“module” and “unit” may be interchanged with each other. In addition, inthe following description of the embodiments disclosed in the presentspecification, a detailed description of known functions andconfigurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make thesubject matter of the embodiments disclosed in the present specificationrather unclear. In addition, the accompanying drawings are provided onlyfor a better understanding of the embodiments disclosed in the presentspecification and are not intended to limit the technical ideasdisclosed in the present specification. Therefore, it should beunderstood that the accompanying drawings include all modifications,equivalents and substitutions included in the scope and sprit of thepresent invention.

It will be understood that although the terms “first,” “second,” etc.,may be used herein to describe various components, these componentsshould not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used todistinguish one component from another component.

It will be understood that when a component is referred to as being“connected to” or “coupled to” another component, it may be directlyconnected to or coupled to another component or intervening componentsmay be present. In contrast, when a component is referred to as being“directly connected to” or “directly coupled to” another component,there are no intervening components present.

As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the pluralforms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

In the present application, it will be further understood that the terms“comprises”, includes,” etc. specify the presence of stated features,integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinationsthereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or moreother features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, orcombinations thereof.

A vehicle as described in this specification may include an automobileand a motorcycle. Hereinafter, a description will be given based on anautomobile.

A vehicle as described in this specification may include all of aninternal combustion engine vehicle including an engine as a powersource, a hybrid vehicle including both an engine and an electric motoras a power source, and an electric vehicle including an electric motoras a power source.

In the following description, “the left side of the vehicle” refers tothe left side in the forward driving direction of the vehicle, and “theright side of the vehicle” refers to the right side in the forwarddriving direction of the vehicle.

FIG. 1 is a view of the external appearance of a vehicle according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is different angled views of a vehicle according to an embodimentof the present invention.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are views of the internal configuration of a vehicleaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are views referred to for explaining objects according toan embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram referred to for explaining a vehicle accordingto an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 7, a vehicle 100 may include a plurality ofwheels, which are rotated by a power source, and a steering input device510 for controlling a driving direction of the vehicle 100.

The vehicle 100 may be an autonomous vehicle.

The vehicle 100 may switch to an autonomous driving mode or a manualmode in response to a user input.

For example, in response to a user input received through a userinterface apparatus 200, the vehicle 100 may switch from a manual modeto an autonomous driving mode, or vice versa.

The vehicle 100 may switch to the autonomous driving mode or to themanual mode based on driving situation information. The drivingsituation information may include at least one of the following:information on an object located outside the vehicle 100, navigationinformation, and vehicle state information.

For example, the vehicle 100 may switch from the manual mode to theautonomous driving mode, or vice versa, based on driving situationinformation generated by the object detection apparatus 300.

For example, the vehicle 100 may switch from the manual mode to theautonomous driving mode, or vice versa, based on driving situationinformation received through a communication apparatus 400.

The vehicle 100 may switch from the manual mode to the autonomousdriving mode, or vice versa, based on information, data, and a signalprovided from an external device.

When the vehicle 100 operates in the autonomous driving mode, theautonomous vehicle 100 may operate based on a travelling system 700.

For example, the autonomous vehicle 100 may operate based oninformation, data, or signals generated by a driving system 710, aparking-out system 740, and a parking system 750.

While operating in the manual mode, the autonomous vehicle 100 mayreceive a user input for driving of the vehicle 100 through a drivingmanipulation apparatus 500. In response to the user input receivedthrough the driving manipulation apparatus 500, the vehicle 100 mayoperate.

The term “overall length” means the length from the front end to therear end of the vehicle 100, the term “overall width” means the width ofthe vehicle 100, and the term “overall height” means the height from thebottom of the wheel to the roof.

In the following description, the term “overall length direction L” maymean the reference direction for the measurement of the overall lengthof the vehicle 100, the term “overall width direction W” may mean thereference direction for the measurement of the overall width of thevehicle 100, and the term “overall height direction H” may mean thereference direction for the measurement of the overall height of thevehicle 100.

As illustrated in FIG. 7, the vehicle 100 may include the user interfaceapparatus 200, the object detection apparatus 300, the communicationapparatus 400, the driving manipulation apparatus 500, a vehicle driveapparatus 600, the travelling system 700, a navigation system 770, asensing unit 120, an interface 130, a memory 140, a controller 170, anda power supply 190.

In some embodiments, the vehicle 100 may further include othercomponents in addition to the aforementioned components, or may notinclude some of the aforementioned components.

The user interface apparatus 200 is provided to support communicationbetween the vehicle 100 and a user. The user interface apparatus 200 mayreceive a user input, and provide information generated in the vehicle100 to the user. The vehicle 100 may enable User Interfaces (UI) or UserExperience (UX) through the user interface apparatus 200.

The user interface apparatus 200 may include an input unit 210, aninternal camera 220, a biometric sensing unit 230, an output unit 250,and a processor 270.

In some embodiments, the user interface apparatus 200 may furtherinclude other components in addition to the aforementioned components,or may not include some of the aforementioned components.

The input unit 200 is configured to receive information from a user, anddata collected in the input unit 120 may be analyzed by the processor270 and then processed into a control command of the user.

The input unit 200 may be disposed inside the vehicle 100. For example,the input unit 200 may be disposed in a region of a steering wheel, aregion of an instrument panel, a region of a seat, a region of eachpillar, a region of a door, a region of a center console, a region of ahead lining, a region of a sun visor, a region of a windshield, or aregion of a window.

The input unit 200 may include a voice input unit 211, a gesture inputunit 212, a touch input unit 213, and a mechanical input unit 214.

The voice input unit 211 may convert a voice input of a user into anelectrical signal. The converted electrical signal may be provided tothe processor 270 or the controller 170.

The voice input unit 211 may include one or more microphones.

The gesture input unit 212 may convert a gesture input of a user into anelectrical signal. The converted electrical signal may be provided tothe processor 270 or the controller 170.

The gesture input unit 212 may include at least one selected from amongan infrared sensor and an image sensor for sensing a gesture input of auser.

In some embodiments, the gesture input unit 212 may sense athree-dimensional (3D) gesture input of a user. To this end, the gestureinput unit 212 may include a plurality of light emitting units foroutputting infrared light, or a plurality of image sensors.

The gesture input unit 212 may sense a 3D gesture input by employing aTime of Flight (TOF) scheme, a structured light scheme, or a disparityscheme.

The touch input unit 213 may convert a user's touch input into anelectrical signal. The converted electrical signal may be provided tothe processor 270 or the controller 170.

The touch input unit 213 may include a touch sensor for sensing a touchinput of a user.

In some embodiments, the touch input unit 210 may be formed integralwith a display unit 251 to implement a touch screen. The touch screenmay provide an input interface and an output interface between thevehicle 100 and the user.

The mechanical input unit 214 may include at least one selected fromamong a button, a dome switch, a jog wheel, and a jog switch. Anelectrical signal generated by the mechanical input unit 214 may beprovided to the processor 270 or the controller 170.

The mechanical input unit 214 may be located on a steering wheel, acenter fascia, a center console, a cockpit module, a door, etc.

The internal camera 220 may acquire images of the inside of the vehicle100. The processor 270 may sense a user's condition based on the imagesof the inside of the vehicle 100. The processor 270 may acquireinformation on an eye gaze of the user. The processor 270 may sense agesture of the user from the images of the inside of the vehicle 100.

The biometric sensing unit 230 may acquire biometric information of theuser. The biometric sensing unit 230 may include a sensor for acquirebiometric information of the user, and may utilize the sensor to acquirefinger print information, heart rate information, etc. of the user. Thebiometric information may be used for user authentication.

The output unit 250 is configured to generate a visual, audio, ortactile output.

The output unit 250 may include at least one selected from among adisplay unit 251, a sound output unit 252, and a haptic output unit 253.

The display unit 251 may display graphic objects corresponding tovarious types of information.

The display unit 251 may include at least one selected from among aLiquid Crystal Display (LCD), a Thin Film Transistor-Liquid CrystalDisplay (TFT LCD), an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED), a flexibledisplay, a 3D display, and an e-ink display.

The display unit 251 may form an inter-layer structure together with thetouch input unit 213, or may be integrally formed with the touch inputunit 213 to implement a touch screen.

The display unit 251 may be implemented as a Head Up Display (HUD). Whenimplemented as a HUD, the display unit 251 may include a projectormodule in order to output information through an image projected into awindshield or a window.

The display unit 251 may include a transparent display. The transparentdisplay may be attached on the windshield or the window.

The transparent display may display a preset screen with a presettransparency. In order to achieve the transparency, the transparentdisplay may include at least one selected from among a transparent ThinFilm Electroluminescent (TFEL) display, an Organic Light Emitting Diode(OLED) display, a transparent Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), atransmissive transparent display, and a transparent Light Emitting Diode(LED) display. The transparency of the transparent display may beadjustable.

Meanwhile, the user interface apparatus 200 may include a plurality ofdisplay units 251 a to 251 g.

The display unit 251 may be disposed in a region of a steering wheel, aregion 521 a, 251 b, or 251 e of an instrument panel, a region 251 d ofa seat, a region 251 f of each pillar, a region 251 g of a door, aregion of a center console, a region of a head lining, a region of a sunvisor, a region 251 c of a windshield, or a region 251 h of a window.

The sound output unit 252 converts an electrical signal from theprocessor 270 or the controller 170 into an audio signal, and outputsthe audio signal. To this end, the sound output unit 252 may include oneor more speakers.

The haptic output unit 253 generates a tactile output. For example, thehaptic output unit 253 may operate to vibrate a steering wheel, a safetybelt, and seats 110FL, 110FR, 110RL, and 110RR so as to allow a user torecognize the output.

The processor 270 may control the overall operation of each unit of theuser interface apparatus 200.

In some embodiments, the user interface apparatus 200 may include aplurality of processors 270 or may not include the processor 270.

In the case where the user interface apparatus 200 does not include theprocessor 270, the user interface apparatus 200 may operate undercontrol of the controller 170 or a processor of a different deviceinside the vehicle 100.

Meanwhile, the user interface apparatus 200 may be referred to as adisplay device for vehicle.

The user interface apparatus 200 may operate under control of thecontroller 170.

The object detection apparatus 300 is configured to detect an objectoutside the vehicle 100.

The object may include various objects related to travelling of thevehicle 100.

Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, an object o may include a lane OB10, anearby vehicle OB11, a pedestrian OB12, a two-wheeled vehicle OB13, atraffic signal OB14 and OB15, a light, a road, a structure, a bump, ageographical feature, an animal, etc.

The lane OB10 may be a lane in which the vehicle 100 is traveling, alane next to the lane in which the vehicle 100 is traveling, or a lanein which a different vehicle is travelling in the opposite direction.The lane OB10 may include left and right lines that define the lane.

The nearby vehicle OB11 may be a vehicle that is travelling in thevicinity of the vehicle 100. The nearby vehicle OB11 may be a vehiclewithin a preset distance from the vehicle 100. For example, the nearbyvehicle OB11 may be a vehicle that is preceding or following the vehicle100.

The pedestrian OB12 may be a person located in the vicinity of thevehicle 100. The pedestrian OB12 may be a person within a presetdistance from the vehicle 100. For example, the pedestrian OB12 may be aperson on a sidewalk or on the roadway.

The two-wheeled vehicle OB12 is a vehicle located in the vicinity of thevehicle 100 and moves with two wheels. The two-wheeled vehicle OB13 maybe a vehicle that has two wheels within a preset distance from thevehicle 100. For example, the two-wheeled vehicle OB13 may be amotorcycle or a bike on a sidewalk or the roadway.

The traffic signal may include a traffic light OB15, a traffic signplate OB14, and a pattern or text painted on a road surface.

The light may be light generated by a lamp provided in the nearbyvehicle. The light may be light generated by a street light. The lightmay be solar light.

The road may include a road surface, a curve, and slopes, such as anupward slope and a downward slope.

The structure may be a body located around the road in the state ofbeing fixed onto the ground. For example, the structure may include astreetlight, a roadside tree, a building, a traffic light, and a bridge.

The geographical feature may include a mountain and a hill.

Meanwhile, the object may be classified as a movable object or a fixedobject. For example, the movable object may be a concept includinganother vehicle and a pedestrian. For example, the fixed object may be aconcept including a traffic signal, a road, and a structure.

The object detection apparatus 300 may include a camera 310, a radar320, a lidar 330, an ultrasonic sensor 340, an infrared sensor 350, anda processor 370.

In some embodiments, the object detection apparatus 300 may furtherinclude other components in addition to the aforementioned components,or may not include some of the aforementioned components.

For example, the camera 310 may be disposed near a front windshield inthe vehicle 100 in order to acquire images of the front of the vehicle100. Alternatively, the camera 310 may be disposed around a front bumperor a radiator grill.

For example, the camera 310 may be disposed near a rear glass in thevehicle 100 in order to acquire images of the rear of the vehicle 100.Alternatively, the camera 310 may be disposed around a rear bumper, atrunk, or a tailgate.

For example, the camera 310 may be disposed near at least one sidewindow inside the vehicle 100 in order to acquire images of the side ofthe vehicle 100. Alternatively, the camera 310 may be disposed around aside mirror, a fender, or a door.

The camera 310 may provide an acquired image to the processor 370.

The radar 320 may include an electromagnetic wave transmission unit andan electromagnetic wave reception unit. The radar 320 may be realized asa pulse radar or a continuous wave radar depending on the principle ofemission of an electronic wave. In addition, the radar 320 may berealized as a Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) type radar or aFrequency Shift Keying (FSK) type radar depending on the waveform of asignal.

The radar 320 may detect an object through the medium of anelectromagnetic wave by employing a time of flight (TOF) scheme or aphase-shift scheme, and may detect a position of the detected object,the distance to the detected object, and the speed relative to thedetected object

The radar 320 may be located at an appropriate position outside thevehicle 100 in order to sense an object located in front of the vehicle100, an object located to the rear of the vehicle 100, or an objectlocated to the side of the vehicle 100.

The lidar 330 may include a laser transmission unit and a laserreception unit. The lidar 330 may be implemented by the TOF scheme orthe phase-shift scheme.

The lidar 330 may be implemented as a drive type lidar or a non-drivetype lidar.

When implemented as the drive type lidar, the lidar 330 may rotate by amotor and detect an object in the vicinity of the vehicle 100.

When implemented as the non-drive type lidar, the lidar 330 may utilizea light steering technique to detect an object located within a presetdistance from the vehicle 100. The vehicle 100 may include a pluralityof non-driving type lidars 330.

The lidar 330 may detect an object through the medium of laser light byemploying the TOF scheme or the phase-shift scheme, and may detect alocation of the detected object, the distance to the detected object,and the speed relative to the detected object.

The lidar 330 may be located at an appropriate position outside thevehicle 100 in order to sense an object located in front of the vehicle100, an object located to the rear of the vehicle 100, or an objectlocated to the side of the vehicle 100.

The ultrasonic sensor 340 may include an ultrasonic wave transmissionunit and an ultrasonic wave reception unit. The ultrasonic sensor 340may detect an object based on an ultrasonic wave, and may detect alocation of the detected object, the distance to the detected object,and the speed relative to the detected object.

The ultrasonic sensor 340 may be located at an appropriate positionoutside the vehicle 100 in order to detect an object located in front ofthe vehicle 100, an object located to the rear of the vehicle 100, andan object located to the side of the vehicle 100.

The infrared sensor 350 may include an infrared light transmission unitand an infrared light reception unit. The infrared sensor 340 may detectan object based on infrared light, and may detect a location of thedetected object, the distance to the detected object, and the speedrelative to the detected object.

The infrared sensor 350 may be located at an appropriate positionoutside the vehicle 100 in order to sense an object located in front ofthe vehicle 100, an object located to the rear of the vehicle 100, or anobject located to the side of the vehicle 100.

The processor 370 may control the overall operation of each unit of theobject detection apparatus 300.

The processor 370 may detect and track an object based on acquiredimages. The processor 370 may, for example, calculate the distance tothe object and the speed relative to the object.

The processor 370 may detect and track an object based on a reflectionelectromagnetic wave which is formed as a result of reflection atransmission electromagnetic wave by the object. Based on theelectromagnetic wave, the processor 370 may, for example, calculate thedistance to the object and the speed relative to the object.

The processor 370 may detect and track an object based on a reflectionlaser light which is formed as a result of reflection of transmissionlaser by the object. Based on the laser light, the processor 370 may,for example, calculate the distance to the object and the speed relativeto the object.

The processor 370 may detect and track an object based on a reflectionultrasonic wave which is formed as a result of reflection of atransmission ultrasonic wave by the object. Based on the ultrasonicwave, the processor 370 may, for example, calculate the distance to theobject and the speed relative to the object.

The processor 370 may detect and track an object based on reflectioninfrared light which is formed as a result of reflection of transmissioninfrared light by the object. Based on the infrared light, the processor370 may, for example, calculate the distance to the object and the speedrelative to the object.

In some embodiments, the object detection apparatus 300 may include aplurality of processors 370 or may not include the processor 370. Forexample, each of the camera 310, the radar 320, the lidar 330, theultrasonic sensor 340, and the infrared sensor 350 may include its ownprocessor.

In the case where the object detection apparatus 300 does not includethe processor 370, the object detection apparatus 300 may operate undercontrol of the controller 170 or a processor inside the vehicle 100.

The object detection apparatus 300 may operate under control of thecontroller 170.

The communication apparatus 400 is configured to perform communicationwith an external device. Here, the external device may be a nearbyvehicle, a mobile terminal, or a server.

To perform communication, the communication apparatus 400 may include atleast one selected from among a transmission antenna, a receptionantenna, a Radio Frequency (RF) circuit capable of implementing variouscommunication protocols, and an RF device.

The communication apparatus 400 may include a short-range communicationunit 410, a location information unit 420, a V2X communication unit 430,an optical communication unit 440, a broadcast transmission andreception unit 450, and a processor 470.

In some embodiments, the communication apparatus 400 may further includeother components in addition to the aforementioned components, or maynot include some of the aforementioned components.

The short-range communication unit 410 is configured to performshort-range communication. The short-range communication unit 410 maysupport short-range communication using at least one selected from amongBluetooth™, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Infrared DataAssociation (IrDA), Ultra-Wideband (UWB), ZigBee, Near FieldCommunication (NFC), Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Wi-Fi Direct, andWireless USB (Wireless Universal Serial Bus).

The short-range communication unit 410 may form wireless area networksto perform short-range communication between the vehicle 100 and atleast one external device.

The location information unit 420 is configured to acquire locationinformation of the vehicle 100. For example, the location informationunit 420 may include a Global Positioning System (GPS) module or aDifferential Global Positioning System (DGPS) module.

The V2X communication unit 430 is configured to perform wirelesscommunication between a vehicle and a server (that is, vehicle to infra(V2I) communication), wireless communication between a vehicle and anearby vehicle (that is, vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication), orwireless communication between a vehicle and a pedestrian (that is,vehicle to pedestrian (V2P) communication).

The optical communication unit 440 is configured to performcommunication with an external device through the medium of light. Theoptical communication unit 440 may include a light emitting unit, whichconverts an electrical signal into an optical signal and transmits theoptical signal to the outside, and a light receiving unit which convertsa received optical signal into an electrical signal.

In some embodiments, the light emitting unit may be integrally formedwith a lamp provided included in the vehicle 100.

The broadcast transmission and reception unit 450 is configured toreceive a broadcast signal from an external broadcasting managementserver or transmit a broadcast signal to the broadcasting managementserver through a broadcasting channel. The broadcasting channel mayinclude a satellite channel, and a terrestrial channel. The broadcastsignal may include a TV broadcast signal, a radio broadcast signal, anda data broadcast signal.

The processor 470 may control the overall operation of each unit of thecommunication apparatus 400.

In some embodiments, the communication apparatus 400 may include aplurality of processors 470, or may not include the processor 470.

In the case where the communication apparatus 400 does not include theprocessor 470, the communication apparatus 400 may operate under controlof the controller 170 or a processor of a device inside of the vehicle100.

Meanwhile, the communication apparatus 400 may implement a vehicledisplay device, together with the user interface apparatus 200. In thiscase, the vehicle display device may be referred to as a telematicsdevice or an Audio Video Navigation (AVN) device.

The communication apparatus 400 may operate under control of thecontroller 170.

The driving manipulation apparatus 500 is configured to receive a userinput for driving the vehicle 100.

In the manual mode, the vehicle 100 may operate based on a signalprovided by the driving manipulation apparatus 500.

The driving manipulation apparatus 500 may include a steering inputdevice 510, an acceleration input device 530, and a brake input device570.

The steering input device 510 may receive a user input with regard tothe direction of travel of the vehicle 100. The steering input device510 may take the form of a wheel to enable a steering input through therotation thereof. In some embodiments, the steering input device may beprovided as a touchscreen, a touch pad, or a button.

The acceleration input device 530 may receive a user input foracceleration of the vehicle 100. The brake input device 570 may receivea user input for deceleration of the vehicle 100. Each of theacceleration input device 530 and the brake input device 570 may takethe form of a pedal. In some embodiments, the acceleration input deviceor the break input device may be configured as a touch screen, a touchpad, or a button.

The driving manipulation apparatus 500 may operate under control of thecontroller 170.

The vehicle drive apparatus 600 is configured to electrically controlthe operation of various devices of the vehicle 100.

The vehicle drive apparatus 600 may include a power train drive unit610, a chassis drive unit 620, a door/window drive unit 630, a safetyapparatus drive unit 640, a lamp drive unit 650, and an air conditionerdrive unit 660.

In some embodiments, the vehicle drive apparatus 600 may further includeother components in addition to the aforementioned components, or maynot include some of the aforementioned components.

Meanwhile, the vehicle drive apparatus 600 may include a processor. Eachunit of the vehicle drive apparatus 600 may include its own processor.

The power train drive unit 610 may control the operation of a powertrain.

The power train drive unit 610 may include a power source drive unit 611and a transmission drive unit 612.

The power source drive unit 611 may control a power source of thevehicle 100.

In the case in which a fossil fuel-based engine is the power source, thepower source drive unit 611 may perform electronic control of theengine. As such the power source drive unit 611 may control, forexample, the output torque of the engine. The power source drive unit611 may adjust the output toque of the engine under control of thecontroller 170.

In the case where an electric motor is the power source, the powersource drive unit 610 may control the motor. The power source drive unit610 may control, for example, the RPM and toque of the motor undercontrol of the controller 170.

The transmission drive unit 612 may control a transmission.

The transmission drive unit 612 may adjust the state of thetransmission. The transmission drive unit 612 may adjust a state of thetransmission to a drive (D), reverse (R), neutral (N), or park (P)state.

Meanwhile, in the case where an engine is the power source, thetransmission drive unit 612 may adjust a gear-engaged state to the driveposition D.

The chassis drive unit 620 may control the operation of a chassis.

The chassis drive unit 620 may include a steering drive unit 621, abrake drive unit 622, and a suspension drive unit 623.

The steering drive unit 621 may perform electronic control of a steeringapparatus provided inside the vehicle 100. The steering drive unit 621may change the direction of travel of the vehicle 100.

The brake drive unit 622 may perform electronic control of a brakeapparatus provided inside the vehicle 100. For example, the brake driveunit 622 may reduce the speed of the vehicle 100 by controlling theoperation of a brake located at a wheel.

Meanwhile, the brake drive unit 622 may control a plurality of brakesindividually. The brake drive unit 622 may apply a differentdegree-braking force to each wheel.

The suspension drive unit 623 may perform electronic control of asuspension apparatus inside the vehicle 100. For example, when the roadsurface is uneven, the suspension drive unit 623 may control thesuspension apparatus so as to reduce the vibration of the vehicle 100.

Meanwhile, the suspension drive unit 623 may control a plurality ofsuspensions individually.

The door/window drive unit 630 may perform electronic control of a doorapparatus or a window apparatus inside the vehicle 100.

The door/window drive unit 630 may include a door drive unit 631 and awindow drive unit 632.

The door drive unit 631 may control the door apparatus. The door driveunit 631 may control opening or closing of a plurality of doors includedin the vehicle 100. The door drive unit 631 may control opening orclosing of a trunk or a tail gate. The door drive unit 631 may controlopening or closing of a sunroof.

The window drive unit 632 may perform electronic control of the windowapparatus. The window drive unit 632 may control opening or closing of aplurality of windows included in the vehicle 100.

The safety apparatus drive unit 640 may perform electronic control ofvarious safety apparatuses provided inside the vehicle 100.

The safety apparatus drive unit 640 may include an airbag drive unit641, a safety belt drive unit 642, and a pedestrian protection equipmentdrive unit 643.

The airbag drive unit 641 may perform electronic control of an airbagapparatus inside the vehicle 100. For example, upon detection of adangerous situation, the airbag drive unit 641 may control an airbag tobe deployed.

The safety belt drive unit 642 may perform electronic control of aseatbelt apparatus inside the vehicle 100. For example, upon detectionof a dangerous situation, the safety belt drive unit 642 may controlpassengers to be fixed onto seats 110FL, 110FR, 110RL, and 110RR withsafety belts.

The pedestrian protection equipment drive unit 643 may performelectronic control of a hood lift and a pedestrian airbag. For example,upon detection of a collision with a pedestrian, the pedestrianprotection equipment drive unit 643 may control a hood lift and apedestrian airbag to be deployed.

The lamp drive unit 650 may perform electronic control of various lampapparatuses provided inside the vehicle 100.

The air conditioner drive unit 660 may perform electronic control of anair conditioner inside the vehicle 100. For example, when the innertemperature of the vehicle 100 is high, an air conditioner drive unit660 may operate the air conditioner so as to supply cool air to theinside of the vehicle 100.

The vehicle drive apparatus 600 may include a processor. Each unit ofthe vehicle dive device 600 may include its own processor.

The vehicle drive apparatus 600 may operate under control of thecontroller 170.

The travelling system 700 is a system for controlling the overalldriving operation of the vehicle 100. The travelling system 700 mayoperate in the autonomous driving mode.

The travelling system 700 may include the driving system 710, theparking-out system 740, and the parking system 750.

In some embodiments, the travelling system 700 may further include othercomponents in addition to the aforementioned components, or may notinclude some of the aforementioned component.

Meanwhile, the travelling system 700 may include a processor. Each unitof the travelling system 700 may include its own processor.

Meanwhile, in some embodiments, in the case where the travelling system700 is implemented as software, the travelling system 700 may be asubordinate concept of the controller 170.

Meanwhile, in some embodiments, the travelling system 700 may be aconcept including at least one selected from among the user interfaceapparatus 200, the object detection apparatus 300, the communicationapparatus 400, the vehicle drive apparatus 600, and the controller 170.

The driving system 710 may perform driving of the vehicle 100.

The driving system 710 may perform driving of the vehicle 100 byproviding a control signal to the vehicle drive apparatus 600 based onnavigation information from the navigation system 770.

The driving system 710 may perform driving of the vehicle 100 byproviding a control signal to the vehicle drive apparatus 600 based oninformation on an object received from the object detection apparatus300.

The driving system 710 may perform driving of the vehicle 100 byproviding a control signal to the vehicle drive apparatus 600 based on asignal from an external device through the communication apparatus 400.

The parking-out system 740 may perform an operation of pulling thevehicle 100 out of a parking space.

The parking-out system 740 may perform an operation of pulling thevehicle 100 out of a parking space, by providing a control signal to thevehicle drive apparatus 600 based on navigation information from thenavigation system 770.

The parking-out system 740 may perform an operation of pulling thevehicle 100 out of a parking space, by providing a control signal to thevehicle drive apparatus 600 based on information on an object receivedfrom the object detection apparatus 300.

The parking-out system 740 may perform an operation of pulling thevehicle 100 out of a parking space, by providing a control signal to thevehicle drive apparatus 600 based on a signal received from an externaldevice.

The parking system 750 may perform an operation of parking the vehicle100 in a parking space.

The parking system 750 may perform an operation of parking the vehicle100 in a parking space, by providing a control signal to the vehicledrive apparatus 600 based on navigation information from the navigationsystem 770.

The parking system 750 may perform an operation of parking the vehicle100 in a parking space, by providing a control signal to the vehicledrive apparatus 600 based on information on an object received from theobject detection apparatus 300.

The parking system 750 may perform an operation of parking the vehicle100 in a parking space, by providing a control signal to the vehicledrive apparatus 600 based on a signal from an external device.

The navigation system 770 may provide navigation information. Thenavigation information may include at least one selected from among mapinformation, information on a set destination, information on a route tothe set destination, information on various objects along the route,lane information, and information on a current location of the vehicle.

The navigation system 770 may include a memory and a processor. Thememory may store navigation information. The processor may control theoperation of the navigation system 770.

In some embodiments, the navigation system 770 may update pre-storedinformation by receiving information from an external device through thecommunication apparatus 400.

In some embodiments, the navigation system 770 may be classified as anelement of the user interface apparatus 200.

The sensing unit 120 may sense the state of the vehicle. The sensingunit 120 may include an attitude sensor (e.g., a yaw sensor, a rollsensor, and a pitch sensor), a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speedsensor, a gradient sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, a yawsensor, a gyro sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward/reversemovement sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, asteering sensor based on the rotation of the steering wheel, anin-vehicle temperature sensor, an in-vehicle humidity sensor, anultrasonic sensor, an illumination sensor, an accelerator pedal positionsensor, a brake pedal position sensor, etc.

The sensing unit 120 may acquire sensing signals with regard to, forexample, vehicle attitude information, vehicle collision information,vehicle driving direction information, vehicle location information (GPSinformation), vehicle angle information, vehicle speed information,vehicle acceleration information, vehicle tilt information, vehicleforward/reverse movement information, battery information, fuelinformation, tire information, vehicle lamp information, in-vehicletemperature information, in-vehicle humidity information, steering-wheelrotation angle information, out-of-vehicle illumination information,information about the pressure applied to an accelerator pedal, andinformation about the pressure applied to a brake pedal.

The sensing unit 120 may further include, for example, an acceleratorpedal sensor, a pressure sensor, an engine speed sensor, an AirFlow-rate Sensor (AFS), an Air Temperature Sensor (ATS), a WaterTemperature Sensor (WTS), a Throttle Position Sensor (TPS), a Top DeadCenter (TDC) sensor, and a Crank Angle Sensor (CAS).

The interface 130 may serve as a passage for various kinds of externaldevices that are connected to the vehicle 100. For example, theinterface 130 may have a port that is connectable to a mobile terminaland may be connected to the mobile terminal via the port. In this case,the interface 130 may exchange data with the mobile terminal.

Meanwhile, the interface 130 may serve as a passage for the supply ofelectrical energy to a mobile terminal connected thereto. When themobile terminal is electrically connected to the interface 130, theinterface 130 may provide electrical energy, supplied from the powersupply 190, to the mobile terminal under control of the controller 170.

The memory 140 is electrically connected to the controller 170. Thememory 140 may store basic data for each unit, control data for theoperational control of each unit, and input/output data. The memory 140may be any of various hardware storage devices, such as a ROM, a RAM, anEPROM, a flash drive, and a hard drive. The memory 140 may store variousdata for the overall operation of the vehicle 100, such as programs forthe processing or control of the controller 170.

In some embodiments, the memory 140 may be integrally formed with thecontroller 170, or may be provided as an element of the controller 170.

The controller 170 may control the overall operation of each unit insidethe vehicle 100. The controller 170 may be referred to as an ElectronicController (ECU).

The power supply 190 may supply power required to operate each componentunder control of the controller 170. In particular, the power supply 190may receive power from, for example, a battery inside the vehicle 100.

At least one processor and the controller 170 included in the vehicle100 may be implemented using at least one selected from amongApplication Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital SignalProcessors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs),Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGAs), processors, controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors,and electric units for the implementation of other functions.

FIG. 8A is a diagram illustrating an example of an exterior of a Head UpDisplay (HUD) device according to an embodiment of the presentinvention, and FIG. 8B is a conceptual diagram referred to forexplaining a HUD device according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

With reference to the drawings, a HUD device 1000 may be arranged insidethe vehicle 100 and provide a user with generated information.

The HUD device 100 may be disposed in a cockpit module. The HUD device1000 may include a cover 1001 that can be opened and closed inaccordance with a user input.

The HUD device 1000 may generate a graphic object using a plurality oflight emitting devices 1052 and an image forming panel 1055. Thegenerated graphic object may be projected on a windshield WS to bedisplayed. In some implementations, the HUD display 1000 may furtherinclude a combiner, and a graphic object may be projected into thecombiner to be displayed.

The HUD device 1000 may provide an augmented reality image.

The HUD device may include an image generation unit 1050, and aplurality of mirrors 1002 and 1003. The HUD device 1000 includes twomirrors 1002 and 1003 in the example of FIG. 8B, but it may includethree or more mirrors. The plurality of mirrors may include a flatmirror 1002 and a concave mirror 1003.

The image generation unit 1050 may include a backlight unit 1051,thereby enabled to project display light of an augmented image into thewindshield WS under the control of a processor 1070.

The processor 1070 may be functionally connected to an indoor camera220, the camera 310, and the image generation unit 1050 to generateimage data for composing a specific augmented image based on imagesprovided from the indoor camera 220 and/or the camera 310 and providethe generated image data to the image generation unit 1050.

In one embodiment, the processor 1070 may detect a specific object OB,existing in front of the vehicle 100, from a front image provided fromthe camera 310 and provide the image generation unit 1050 with imagedata for composing an augmented reality image corresponding to thedetected object OB.

The image generation unit 1050 may output a display light correspondingto an augmented reality image to a first mirror 1002 based on the imagedata provided from the processor 1070. A second mirror 1003 may allowthe augmented reality image to be realized on the windshield WS, byreflecting the display light reflected by the first mirror 102.Depending on an optical path from the image generation unit 1050 to thewindshield WS, size of the display light corresponding to the augmentedreality image may be increased or a position of the display lightprojected on the windshield WS may be adjusted.

Meanwhile, the display light reflected by the second mirror 1003 may beprojected within a predetermined area (hereinafter, referred to as adisplay region) of the windshield WS. In a display region DR, areflective film may be attached to allow an augmented reality image ARIto be seen more clearly.

In this case, an augmented reality image is realized by the displaylight projected into the windshield WS, and, at a driver's position, anaugmented reality image ARI may be seen as being displayed, not on thedisplay region, but out of the vehicle 100 beyond the display region DR.That is, the augmented reality image

ARI may be recognized a virtual image that is floating a predetermineddistance in front of the vehicle 100. For example, the augmented realityimage ARI may be a graphic object that provides information on anoutline of an object OB, speed, a collision alert, etc.

For a driver to recognize the augmented reality image ARI through thedisplay region DR when the HUD device 1000 realizes the augmentedreality image ARI using a virtual image, the driver's eye has to bepositioned within an eye box EB. The eye box EB is a three-dimensionalindoor space in the vehicle 100, and, if the driver's eye is positionedwithin the eye box EB, the driver is able to see the augmented realityimage ARI through the display region DR. If the driver's eye moves outof the eye box EB, the driver may see only a part of the augmentedreality image ARI or none of it. In the memory 640, coordinates of theboundary of the eye box EB may be stored in advance.

Meanwhile, when the driver's eye is positioned within the eye box EB,the driver is able to recognize the augmented reality image ARI:however, there may be a difference between an actual image of the objectOB recognized by the driver through the display region DR and theaugmented reality image ARI due to a change in the position of the eyein the box EB. It is because a distance to the augmented reality imageand a distance to the object OB are different with reference to thedriver's position, and, if the distance to the object OB relativelyincreases, the difference from the augmented reality image ARI maygradually increase. In order to reduce or remove such a difference, theprocessor 1070 may perform postprocessing on the augmented reality imageARI based on the position of the eye of the driver.

Specifically, the processor 1070 may detect a position of the eye of thedriver from a driver image provided from the indoor camera 220. In oneembodiment, the processor 1070 detects the driver's eye from the driverimage using an eye tracking technique, and calculate three-dimensionalcoordinates of the detected eye. In another embodiment, the processor1070 may extract an outline of the driver's face from a driver imageusing an edge detection technique, and estimate a position of thedriver's eye based on the extracted outline.

Information on a reference position may be preset in the memory 640, andthe processor 1070 may compare a position of the driver's eye with areference position and calculate a direction and a distance of theposition of the driver's eye relative to the reference position. Thatis, the processor 1070 may determine how far the current position of thedriver's eye is from the reference position in which direction.

The processor 1070 may determine a visual effect to be applied topostprocessing of an augmented reality image, depending on the directionand distance of the position of the driver eye relative to the referenceposition. Furthermore, the processor 1070 may determine a size of thedetermined visual effect.

By performing postprocessing on the augmented reality image ARI usingthe determined visual effect, the processor 1070 may reduce a differencefrom an actual image of an object due to a change in the position of theeye in the eye box EB and provide a more enhanced image matching resultto the driver.

A visual effect applicable to postprocessing of an augmented realityimage may include at least one of blurring the augmented reality image,changing a position of the augmented reality image, changing a size ofthe augmented reality image, or changing a gradient the augmentedreality image. For example, when a horizontal difference between anaugmented reality image and an actual image of an object occurs as aposition of a driver's eye is changed to the left or to the right alongY axis, the processor 1070 may horizontally move the augmented realityimage toward the actual image or compensate for the difference betweenthe two images using a visual effect such as increasing a width of theaugmented reality image or blurring at least one portion of theaugmented reality image.

FIG. 8C is a block diagram of a HUD device according to an embodiment ofthe present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8C, a HUD device 1000 for a vehicle may include acommunication unit 1010, an input unit 1020, an interface unit 1030, amemory 1040, an image generation unit 1050, a sound output unit 1060, aprocessor 1070, and a power supply 1090.

The HUD device 1000 may be included in the user interface apparatus 200.

The communication unit 1010 may include at least one communicationmodule that enables wireless communications between the HUD device 1000and a mobile terminal, between the HUD device 600 and an externalserver, or between the HUD device 1000 and another vehicle.

For example, the communication unit 1010 may form a communicationchannel with a user's mobile terminal through a short-rangedcommunication module to display information received from the mobileterminal.

The input unit 1020 may receive information from a user. Data collectedfrom the input unit 1020 may be analyzed by the processor 1070 to beprocessed into the user's control command.

Meanwhile, the input unit 210, the internal camera 220, and the camera310 included in the vehicle 100 may be classified as subordinatecomponents of the HUD device 1000. Specifically, the input unit 1020 mayinclude a voice input unit 211, a gesture input unit 212, a touch inputunit 213, a mechanic input unit 214, and the internal camera 220.

The interface unit 1030 may receive data, information, and a signal, ortransmit data, information, and a signal processed or generated in theprocessor 1070 to the outside. To this end, the interface unit 1030 mayperform data communication with another unit, device, or system in thevehicle 100 by a wireless or wired communication method.

The interface unit 1030 may receive driving situation information.

The memory 1040 may be electrically connected to the controller 1070.The memory 1040 may store basic data for each unit of the HUD device1000, control data for the operational control of each unit, andinput/output data.

The memory 1040 may be any of various hardware storage devices, such asa ROM, a RAM, an EPROM, a flash drive, and a hard drive. The memory 1040may store various data for the overall operation of the HUD device 1000,such as programs for the processing or control of the processor 1070.

In some embodiments, the memory 1040 may be integrally formed with theprocessor 1070.

Under the control of the processor 1070, the image generation unit 1050may output display light based on image data provided from the processor1070.

The image generation unit 1050 may include a backlight unit 1051 and animage forming panel 1055.

The backlight unit 1051 may include a plurality of light emittingdevices 1052. For example, the backlight unit 1051 may include aplurality of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as the plurality of lightemitting devices 1052.

Each of the plurality of light emitting devices 1052 may output whitelight.

The plurality of light emitting devices 1052 may include a first lightemitting device 1052 a for outputting first light, and a second lightemitting unit 1052 b for outputting second light.

The plurality of light emitting devices 1052 may further include a thirdlight emitting device 1052 c for outputting third light. In this case,the first light emitting device 1052 a may be arranged between thesecond light emitting device 1052 b and the second light emitting device1052 c.

The plurality of light emitting devices 1052 may further include afourth light emitting device 1052 d for outputting fourth light.

In some implementations, the plurality of light emitting devices 1052may further include five or more light emitting devices.

The image forming panel 1055 may form an image based on lights providedfrom the plurality of light emitting devices and output the image. Theimage forming panel 1055 may include a Liquid Crystal display (LCD)panel.

The sound output unit 1060 may convert an electric signal from theprocessor 1070 into an audio signal and output the audio signal. To thisend, the sound output unit 1060 may include at least one speaker.

The processor 1070 may control the overall operation of each unit of theHUD device 1000.

The processor 1070 may control the image generation unit 1050.Specifically, the processor 1070 may control the plurality of lightemitting devise 1052 and the image forming panel 1055.

The processor 1070 may control the plurality of light emitting devices1052.

The processor 1070 may control turning on and off of each of theplurality of light emitting devices 1052. The processor 1070 may controllight outputting of each of the plurality of light emitting devices1052.

The processor 1070 may differently control light outputting of the firstlight emitting device 1052 a and light outputting of the second lightemitting device 1052 b.

The processor 1070 may control the second light emitting device 1052 band the third light emitting device 1052 c to be turned on individuallyor all together.

The processor 1070 may control the image forming panel 1055.

The processor 1070 may divide the image forming panel 1055 into one ormore regions, and control arrangement of liquid crystals correspondingto the regions.

When uniform light is provided by a first Fly Eye Lens (FEL) to a firstregion of the image forming panel 1055, the processor 1070 may controlthe image forming panel 1055 so as to adjust arrangement of liquidcrystals in the first region.

When uniform light is provided by a second sub FEL to a second region ofthe image forming panel 1055, the processor 1070 may control the imageforming panel 1055 so as to adjust arrangement of liquid crystals in thesecond region.

The processor 1070 may control light outputting of the first lightemitting device 1052 a, and control the image forming panel 1055 toadjust arrangement of liquid crystals in the first region, therebycontrol brightness of an image output through the first region.

The processor 1070 may output light outputting of the second lightemitting device 1052 b, and control the image forming panel 1055 toadjust arrangement of liquid crystals in the second region, therebycontrolling brightness of an image output through the second region.

The processor 1070 may control light outputting of the third lightemitting device 1052 b, and control brightness of an image outputthrough the second region by controlling the image forming panel 1055 soas to adjust arrangement of liquid crystals in the second region.

The processor 1070 may control the first light emitting device 1052 aand the image forming panel 1055 such that a first image correspondingto first information is displayed in the first region.

The processor 1070 may control the second light emitting device 1052 band the image forming panel 1055 such that a second image correspondingto second information is displayed in the second region.

The processor 1070 may control the plurality of light emitting devices1052 and the image forming panel 1055 in response to ambientillumination information. In doing so, a user is allowed to accuratelyrecognize displayed information, regardless of ambient illumination.

In response to ambient illumination information, the processor 1070 maycontrol the plurality of light emitting devices 1052 and the imageforming panel 1055 so as to adjust a scale of a displayed image. Forexample, when an ambient illumination value increases, the processor1070 may control the first light emitting device 1052 a and the imageforming panel 1055 such that the image is displayed in larger size.

The processor 1070 may receive at least one of driving speed informationof the vehicle 100, external object information, navigation information,or information on a user's mobile terminal through the interface unit1030.

Based on at least one of the driving speed information, the externalobject information, the navigation information, or the information onthe mobile terminal, the processor 1070 may determine to display animage on one of the first region and the second region of the imageforming panel 1055.

Based on information on a distance to an external object, the processor1070 may determine to display an image corresponding to the externalobject on the first region or the second region.

Based on information on an operation state of a mobile terminal, theprocessor 1070 may determine to display an image corresponding to themobile terminal on the first region or the second region.

The processor 1070 may control the image generation unit 1050 to displayan image on a determined region.

Based on a provided image, the processor 1070 may determine whether theimage is to be displayed in the first region or the second region. Forexample, if the provided image is an augmented reality image, theprocessor 1070 may control the augmented reality image to be displayedin the second region. For example, if the provided image is a normalimage, the processor 1070 may control the image to be displayed in thefirst region.

The power supply 1090 may supply power to each unit of the HUD device1000 under the control of the processor 1070. In particular, the powersupply 1090 may be supplied with power from a battery inside the vehicle100.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are diagrams referred to for explaining an imagegeneration unit included in a HUD device according to an embodiment ofthe present invention.

FIG. 9A is an exploded vide of the image generation unit according to anembodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9B is a conceptual diagramof the image generation unit 1050.

With reference to the drawing, the image generation unit 1050 mayinclude the backlight unit 1051, a lens system 900, and the imageforming panel 1055.

The backlight unit 1051 may include a circuit board 1052 and theplurality of light emitting devices 1052.

The circuit board 1054 may include various devices mounted thereon.

The plurality of light emitting devices 1052, the communication unit1010, the interface unit 1030, the memory 1040, the processor 1070, andthe power supply 1090 may be mounted on the circuit board 1054.

The circuit board 1054 may be a Printed Circuit Board (PCB).

The plurality of light emitting devices 1052 may be mounted on thecircuit board 1054.

Each of the plurality of light emitting devices 1052 may be mounted onthe circuit board 1054 by direct bonding.

The plurality of light emitting devices 1052 will be described in moredetail after FIG. 16.

The lens system 900 may be arranged between the backlight unit 1051 andthe image forming panel 1055. Specifically, the lens system 900 may bearranged between the plurality of light emitting devise 1052 and theimage forming panel 1055.

The lens system 900 may transmit light generated in the light emittingdevice 1052 to the image forming panel 1055.

The lens system 900 may include a collimation lens 910, an illuminationlens 920 and 930, and a Fly Eye Lens (FEL) 1100.

The collimation lens 910 may be arranged between the backlight unit 1051and the FEL 1110. The collimation lens 910 may be arranged between thelight emitting devices 1052 and the FEL 1110.

The collimation lens 910 may allow light to be output from the lightemitting devices 1052 in a parallel direction. Light having passedthrough the collimation lens 910 may have a non-uniform distribution.

The collimation lens 910 may include a first collimation lens group 911and a second collimation lens group 912.

Since each of the plurality of light emitting devices 1052 is mounted onthe circuit board 1054 by direct bonding, light generated by each of thelight emitting devices 1052 is output at an angle close to 180 degrees.In this case, using a single collimation lens group is not enough tomake the whole light generated by the light emitting devices 1052 to beincident on the illumination lens 920 and 930 in a parallel direction.

As the collimation lens 910 includes the first collimation lens group911 and the second collimation lens group 912, light output at an angleclose to 180 degrees is capable of being incident on the illuminationlens 920 and 930 in a parallel direction.

The first collimation lens group 911 may include a plurality ofcollimation lenses to match the number of the plurality of lightemitting devices 1052.

An incident surface of each of the plurality of collimation lens in thefirst collimation lens group 911 may be formed as a concave sphericalsurface. Due to such a shape, the first collimation lens group 911 iscapable of receiving as much light generated by the light emittingdevices 1052 as possible.

The first collimation lens group 911 may be arranged between thebacklight unit 1051 and the second collimation lens 912. The firstcollimation lens group 911 may be arranged between the light emittingdevices 1052 and the second collimation lens group 912.

The first collimation lens group 911 may include a plurality ofcollimation lens arranged to correspond to the plurality of lightemitting devices 1052, respectively.

For example, the first collimation lens group 911 may include a firstcollimation lens corresponding to the first light emitting device, and asecond collimation lens corresponding to the second light emittingdevice. The first collimation lens may be arranged between the firstcollimation lens and A collimation lens. The second collimation lens maybe arranged between the second light emitting device and B collimationlens.

For example, the first collimation lens group 911 may further include athird collimation lens corresponding to the third light emitting device.The third collimation lens may be arranged between the third lightemitting device and C collimation lens.

For example, the first collimation lens group 911 may further include afourth collimation lens corresponding to the fourth light emittingdevice. The fourth collimation lens may be arranged between the fourthlight emitting device and D collimation lens.

The second collimation lens group 912 may include a plurality ofcollimation lenses to matches the number of the plurality of lightemitting devices 1052. Each of the plurality of collimation lenses inthe second collimation lens group 912 may be an aspheric surface, and alight incident surface and a light emitting surface thereof may beconvex.

The second collimation lens group 912 may be arranged between the firstcollimation lens group 911 and the FEL 1100.

The second collimation lens group 912 may include a plurality ofcollimation lenses arranged to correspond to the plurality of lightemitting devices 1052, respectively.

The second collimation lens group 912 may include A collimation lenscorresponding to the first light emitting device, and B collimation lenscorresponding to the second light emitting device.

The A collimation lens may be arranged between the first collimationlens and the FEL 1100. For example, the A collimation lens may bearranged between the first collimation lens and a first sub FEL.

The B collimation lens may be arranged between the second collimationlens and the FEL 1100. For example, the B collimation lens may bearranged between the second collimation lens and a second sub FEL.

For example, the second collimation lens 912 may further include Ccollimation lens corresponding to the third light emitting device.

The C collimation lens may be arranged between the third collimationlens and the FEL 1100. For example, the B collimation lens may bearranged between the third collimation lens and a third sub FEL.

For example, the second collimation lens 912 may further include Dcollimation lens corresponding to a fourth light emitting device.

The D collimation lens may be arranged between the fourth collimationlens and the FEL 1100. For example, the D collimation lens may bearranged between the fourth collimation lens and a fourth sub FEL.

The illumination lens 920 and 930 may focus light passing through theFEL 1110 on the image forming panel 1055.

The illumination lens 920 and 930 may include a first illumination lens920 and a second illumination lens 930.

The first illumination lens 920 may focus light distributed through theFEL 1110 on the second illumination lens 930. To this end, the firstillumination lens 920 may be formed such that a light incident surfaceand a light emitting surface are convex.

A size of the first illumination lens 920 may be determined by thenumber of lenses included in the second collimation lens group 912.Accordingly, the first illumination lens 920 may induce light generatedby the plurality of light emitting devices 0152 to the secondillumination lens 930 without a leakage of light.

Alternatively, the size of the first illumination lens 920 may bedetermined to corresponding to a size of the FEL 1100.

The second illumination lens 930 may focus light having different anglesof incidence on the image forming panel 1055. To this end, the firstillumination lens 920 may have a light incident surface and a lightemitting surface which are convex.

The second illumination lens 930 may be formed to be greater than theimage forming panel 1055. Accordingly, the second illumination lens 930may induce light having passed through the first illumination lens 920to the image forming panel without a leakage of light.

FIGS. 10 to 12 are diagram referred to for explaining an FEL accordingto an embodiment of the present invention.

With reference to the drawings, the FEL 1110 may have a plurality ofoptic patterns formed to correspond to the plurality of light emittingdevices 1052, respectively.

The FEL 1110 may include a plurality of cells 1101 and provide uniformlight to the image forming panel 105 by causing light, which is providedfrom at least one of the plurality of light emitting devices 1052 to atleast some of the plurality of cells 1101, to expand to a predeterminedsize.

Specifically, the FEL 1110 may divide incident light through theplurality of cells 1101, and cause each divided light to expand to apredetermined size such that uniform light is emitted. The plurality ofcells 1101 may respectively provide uniform light having respectivelypassed through the plurality of cells 1101 to an area (or a region) of apredetermined size on the image forming panel 1055.

The FEL 1110 may include a plurality of sub FELs 1110 a and 1110 bhaving a plurality of optic patterns.

Hereinafter, the plurality of sub FELs will be described with referenceto FIGS. 11 and 12.

The FEL 1110 may include the first sub FEL 1110 a and the second sub FEL1110 b.

The first sub FEL 1110 a may have a first optic pattern formed thereon,which induces a first light output from the first light emitting device1052 a is uniformly provided to a first region RG1 of the image formingpanel 1055.

The first sub FEL 1110 a may include first group cells 1101 a. A size ofthe first group cells 1101 a may correspond to the first region RG1. Forexample, the size of the first group cells 1101 a may be in proportionto the size of the first region RG1.

The first group cells 1101 a are an optic pattern composed of aplurality of unit cells 1101 a. A first optic pattern may be realized bythe first group cells 1101 a.

The first sub FEL 1110 a may induce light to be uniformly provided tothe first region of the image forming panel 1055. The first region RG1may be a region having a first area in the image forming panel 1055.

The second sub FEL 1110 b may have a second optic pattern formedthereon, which induces a second light output from the second lightemitting device 1052 b to be uniformly provided to a second region RG2of the image forming panel 1055. The second region RG2 may have a sizedifferent from the size of the first region RG1.

The second sub FEL 1110 b may include second group cells 1101 b. Thesize of the second group cells 1101 b may correspond to the size of thesecond region RG2. For example, the size of the second group cells 1101b may be in proportion to the size of the second region RG2.

The second group cells 1101 b are an optic pattern composed of aplurality of unit cells 1101 b. A second optic pattern may be realizedby the second group cells 1101 b.

The second sub FEL 1110 b may induce light to be uniformly provided tothe second region of the image forming panel 1055. The second region RG2may be a region having a second area in the image forming panel 1055.

The first region and the second region may have different sizes. Forexample, the size of the second region may be greater than the size ofthe first region. That is, the second region RG2 may be greater than thefirst region RG1.

FIG. 13 is a diagram referred to for explaining an area of an imageforming panel corresponding to a cell size of an FEL according to anembodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 13, the first sub FEL 1110 a may include the firstgroup cells 1101 a. Each first group cell 1101 a may have a first widthcw1 and a first height ch1.

Each first group cell 1101 a may function as a lens.

The first region RG1 of the image forming panel 1055 may be determinedby the first sub FEL 1110 a.

Specifically, a width W1 and a height H1 of the first region RG1 may bedetermined by the first height cw1 and the first height ch1 of eachfirst group cell 1101 a. For example, the width W1 of the first regionRG1 is determined to be a value that is obtained by multiplying thewidth magnification of each first group cell 1101 a to the first widthcw1 of each first group cell 1101 a. In addition, the height H1 of thefirst region RG1 is determined to be a value obtained by multiplying theheight magnification of the first group cell 1101 a to the first heightch1 of the first group cell 1101 a.

The second sub FEL 1110 b may include the second group cells 1101 b.Each second group cell 1101 b may have a second width cw2 and a secondheight ch2.

Each second group cell 1101 b may function as a lens.

The second region RG2 of the image forming panel 1055 may be determinedby the second sub FEL 1110 b.

Specifically, a width W2 and a height H2 of the second region RG2 may bedetermined by the second width cw2 and the second height ch2 of eachsecond group cell 1101 b. For example, the width w2 of the second regionRG2 may be determined to be a value that is obtained by multiplying awidth magnification of each second group cell 1101 b to the second widthcw2 of each second group cell 1101 b. In addition, the height H2 of thesecond region RG2 is determined to be a value that is obtained bymultiplying the height magnification of each second group cell 1101 b tothe second height c2 of each second group cell 1101 b.

Meanwhile, the FEL 1110 may further include a third sub FEL 1110 c.

The third sub FEL 1110 c may have a third optic pattern formed thereon,which induces third light output from the third light emitting device1052 c to be uniformly provided to the second region RG2 of the imageforming panel 1055. In this case, the third optic pattern of the thirdsub FEL 1110 c may be identical to the second optic pattern of thesecond sub FEL 1110 b.

The third sub FEL 1110 c may include third group cells 1101 c. The sizeof the third group cells 1101 c may correspond to the size of the secondregion RG2. For example, the size of the third group cells 1101 c may bein proportion to the size of the second region RG2. The size of thethird group cells 1101 c may be identical to the size of the secondgroup cells 1101 b. In addition, the number of the third group cells1101 c may be identical to the number of the second group cells 1101 b.

The description about the second group cells 1101 b of the second subFEL 1110 b may apply to the size of the third group cells of the thirdsub FEL 1110 c and the size of the second region RG2.

Meanwhile, the plurality of sub FELs 1110 a, 1110 b, and 1110 c may beintegrally formed with each other to realize the FEL 1110.

Meanwhile, the plurality of sub FELs 1110 a, 1110 b, and 1110 c may beformed individually to realize the FEL 1110.

FIG. 14 is a diagram referred to for explaining various regionsdependent on various optic patterns of an FEL in an image forming panelaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 14, the image forming panel 1055 may include aplurality of regions. Each of the plurality of regions may bedistinguished based on the FEL 1110.

For example, a size of each of the plurality of regions may bedetermined by a size of cells in each group of each sub FEL included inthe FEL 1110.

For example, a position of each of the plurality of regions may bedetermined by a position of each sub FEL included in the FEL 1110.

For example, the number of the plurality of regions may be determined bythe number of sub FELs included in the FEL 1110.

As illustrated in FIG. 14(a), the image forming panel 1055 may include aregion 1410, b region 1420, and c region 1430. In this case, theplurality of light emitting devices 1052 may include at least threeindividual light emitting devices, and the FEL 1110 may include at leastthree sub FELs. For example, the FEL 1110 may include a sub FEL, b subFEL, and c sub FEL.

The a region 1410 may be formed to correspond to the a sub FEL. The aregion 1410 may be a region corresponding to the entire the imageforming panel 1055.

The b region 1410 may be formed to correspond to the b sub FEL. The bregion 1420 may be formed in the left side of the image forming panel1055.

The c region 1430 may be formed to correspond to the c sub FEL. The cregion 1430 may be formed in the right side of the image forming panel1055.

As illustrated in FIG. 14(b), the image forming panel 1055 may include aregion 1410, d region 1440, e region 1450, and f region 1460. In thiscase, the plurality of light emitting devices 1052 may include at leastfour individual light emitting devices, and the FEL 1110 may include atleast four sub FELs. For example, the FEL 1110 may include a sub FEL, dsub FEL, e sub FEL, and f sub FEL.

The a region 1410 may be formed to correspond to the a sub FEL. The aregion 1410 may be a region corresponding to the entire image formingpanel 1055.

The d region 1440 may be formed to correspond to the d sub FEL. The dregion 1440 may be formed over the upper part of the image forming panel1055.

The e region 1450 may be formed to correspond to the e sub FEL. The eregion 1450 may be formed under the image forming panel 1055.

The f region 1460 may be formed to correspond to the f sub FEL. The fregion 1460 may be formed in the central portion of the image formingpanel 1055.

FIGS. 15A to 15C are exemplary diagrams referred to for explaining anoperation of how a picture is implemented in a HUD device according toan embodiment of the present invention.

In the drawings, the plurality of light emitting devise 1052 isexemplarily depicted as including first light emitting device 1052 a,the second light emitting device 1052 b, and the third light emittingdevice 1052 c. In addition, the FEL 1110 is exemplarily depicted asincluding a first sub FEL 1110 a, a second sub FEL 1110 b, and a thirdsub FEL 1110 c.

FIG. 15A is a diagram referred to for explaining an operation of how afirst picture SN1 is implemented by the first light emitting device 1052a and the first sub FEL 1110 a according to an embodiment of the presentinvention. In FIG. 15A, the HUD device 100 implements a smaller picturecompared to FIG. 15B.

Referring to FIG. 15A, based on received information, data, and asignal, the processor 1070 may control light to be output from the firstlight emitting device 1052 a. The processor 170 may control white lightto be output.

The light output from the first light emitting device 1052 a travels ina parallel direction by passing through the first collimation lens 911 aand the A collimation lens 912 a.

The light having passed through the first collimation lens 911 a and theA collimation lens 912 a may be incident on the first sub FEL 1110 a.

The light incident on the first sub FEL 1110 a expands to apredetermined size corresponding to the first region RG1, while passingthrough the respective group cells 1101 a of the first sub FEL 1110 a.In addition, the light incident on the first sub FEL 1110 a becomesuniform while passing through the respective group cells 1101 a of thefirst sub FEL 1110 a.

The light emitted from the first sub FEL 1110 a is incident on the imageforming panel 1055. In particular, the light emitted from the first subFEL 1110 a is incident on the first region RG1 of the image formingpanel 1055.

The processor 1070 may control the image forming panel 1055 so as toadjust arrangement of liquid crystals in the first region RG1. Forexample, by controlling arrangement of liquid crystals, the processor1070 may realize display light to generate an image in the outside.

The processor 1070 may control the image forming panel 1055 such thatarrangement of liquid crystals in a region other than the first regionRG1 is maintained.

The first region RG1 of the image forming panel 1055 may be a regioncorresponding a part of the entire region of the image forming panel1055. In this case, light may be provided with output power smaller thanpower provided to the entire region. Accordingly, when light is providedonly to the first region RG1, more efficiency may be achieved comparedto when light is provided to the entire region.

In the case of implementing a picture of the same brightness, when lightis provided only to the first region RG1, the picture may be implementedwith less energy consumption, compared to when light is provided to theentire region. In addition, in this case, less heat occurs in lightemitting devices, and thus, it is more advantageous in terms of thermalmanagement.

FIG. 15B is a diagram referred to for explaining an operation of how asecond picture SN2 is implemented by the second light emitting device1052 b, the second sub FEL 1110 b, the third light emitting device 1052c, and the third sub FEL 1110 c according to an embodiment of thepresent invention. In FIG. 15B, the HUD device 100 implements a largerpicture compared to FIG. 15A.

Referring to FIG. 15B, based on received information, data, and asignal, the processor 1070 may control light to be output from thesecond light emitting device 1052 b and the third light emitting device1052 c. In some implementations, the processor 1070 may control light tobe output from any one of the second light emitting device 1052 b andthe third light emitting device 1052 c. The processor 1070 may controlwhite light to be output.

The light output from the second light emitting device 1052 b travels ina parallel direction by passing through the second collimation lens 911b and the B collimation lens 912 b. The light having passed through thesecond collimation lens 911 b and the B collimation lens 912 b isincident on the second sub FEL 1110 b.

The light incident on the second sub FEL 1110 b expands to apredetermined size corresponding to the second region RG2, while passingthrough the respective group cells 1101 a of the second sub FEL 1110 b.In addition, the light incident on the second sub FEL 1110 b becomesuniform while passing through the respective group cells 1101 b of thesecond sub FEL 1110 b.

The light emitted from the second sub FEL 1110 b is incident on theimage forming panel 1055. In particular, the light emitted from thesecond sub FEL 1110 b is incident on the second region RG2 of the imageforming panel 1055.

The light output from the third light emitting device 1052 c travels ina parallel direction by passing through the third collimation lens 911 cand the C collimation lens 912 c. The light having passed through thethird collimation lens 910 c and the C collimation lens 912 c isincident on the third sub FEL 1110 c.

The light incident on the third sub FEL 1110 c expands to apredetermined size corresponding to the second region RG2, while passingthrough the respective group cells of the third sub FEL 1110 c. Inaddition, the light incident on the third sub FEL 1110 c becomes uniformwhile passing through the respective group cells of the third sub FEL1110 c.

The light emitted from the third sub FEL 1110 c is incident on the imageforming panel 1055. In particular, the light emitted from the third subFEL 1110 c is incident on the second region RG2 of the image formingpanel 1055.

The processor 1070 may control the image forming panel 1055 so as toadjust arrangement of liquid crystals in the second region RG2. Forexample, by controlling arrangement of liquid crystals, the processor1070 may realize a display light to generate an image in the outside.

The second region RG2 is greater than the first region RG1. In order todisplay an image with the same brightness, the second region RG2 needs agreater amount of light than that for the first region RG1. Accordingly,an amount of light required for the second region RG2 may be providedusing the second light emitting device 1052 b and the third lightemitting device 1052 c.

FIG. 15C is a diagram referred to for explaining an operation of how athird picture SN3 is implemented by the first to third light emittingdevices 1051 a to 1051 c and the first to third sub FELs 1110 a to 1110c according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 15C, based on received information, data, and asignal, the processor 1070 may control light to be output from the firstto third light emitting devices 1051 a to 1051 c.

The light output from the first to third light emitting devices 1051 ato 1051 c is incident on the image forming panel 1055 along a pathdescribed above with reference to FIGS. 15A and 15B.

The light output from the first light emitting device 1051 a and havingpassed through the first sub FEL 1110 a is incident on the first regionRG1.

The light output from the second light emitting device 1051 b and havingpassed through the second sub FEL 1110 b is incident on the secondregion RG2.

The light output from the third light emitting device 1051 c and havingpassed through the third sub FEL 1110 c is incident on the second regionRG2.

The processor 1070 may control the image forming panel 1055 so as toadjust arrangement of liquid crystals in the first region RG1 and thesecond region RG2.

In this case, the processor 1070 may control the image forming panel1055 so as to display, in the first region RG1, an image that isrequired to be clearly recognized by a user. For example, when anotification needs to be provided to a driver during driving, theprocessor 1070 may provide a warning image through the first region RG1.

Since the image provided through the first region RG1 is implemented bylight output from the first to third light emitting devices 1051 a to1051 c, the image may be displayed brighter than an image providedthrough a region other than the first region RG1 in the second regionRG2. In this case, the image provided through the first region RG1 ismore visible

FIGS. 16 and 17 are diagrams referred to for explaining a light emittingdevice according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a light emitting device according to arelated part.

Referring to FIG. 16, a light emitting device 1600 according to arelated art is configured such that an LED chip 1690 is bonded onto abody 1670 for insulation and housing and surrounded by a partition wall1680 to contain phosphorous resin 1695.

Since a plurality of layers from a circuit board 1610 to the LED chip1690 is arranged in this structure, thermal resistance is increased andtherefore heat dissipation efficiency is deteriorated.

In addition, despite the same size of LED chips, a primary lens (e.g., acollimation lens) for primarily receiving light has a large size becausea light emitting surface has a large area.

Accordingly, optical efficiency of a lighting system having theplurality of light emitting devices arranged therein is deteriorated.

In addition, since a first electrode 1612 and a second electrode 1613needs to be arranged under the light emitting device 15600 according tothe related art, an insulation layer 1611 is further required, and aheat dissipation structure is vulnerable because a thermal pad 1621 issmall or not provided.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a light emitting device1052 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 17, the light emitting device 1052 according to anembodiment of the present invention may be bonded directly to thecircuit board 1054. For example, the light emitting device 1052 may bebonded to the circuit board by direct bonding.

Each of the light emitting devices 1052 may include a Light EmittingDiode (LED) chip 1730.

The LED chip 1730 may be bonded to the circuit board 1720 by a bondinglayer 1710.

A second electrode (e.g., a positive (+) electrode) and a thermal pad1720 may be arranged under the LED chip 1730.

A phosphorous layer 1740 may be arranged on the LED chip 1730.

Meanwhile, a first electrode (e.g., a negative (−) electrode 1750) maybe disposed on the circuit board 1720 with being spaced apart from theLED chip 1730.

The insulation layer 1760 may be arranged between the first electrode1750 and the circuit board 1720.

The structure of the light emitting device 1052 shown in FIG. 17 may bereferred to as a direct bonding structure.

Since the LED chip 1730 is bonded directly to the circuit board, thermalresistance may be reduced, and therefore, the light emitting device 1052according to an embodiment of the present invention may improve heatdissipation efficiency.

In addition, since only the second electrode is disposed between the LEDchip 1730 and the circuit board 1054, an insulation layer is notrequired under the LED chip 1730 in the light emitting device 1052according to an embodiment of the present invention. In addition, awider area of a thermal pad can be used, and thus, heat dissipationefficiency is improved compared to the light emitting device 1600 inFIG. 16.

In addition, as the size of the LED chip 1730 is used as an emittingarea, a size of the primary lens (e.g., the collimation lens 910) issmaller than a size of the light emitting device 1600 in FIG. 16, andtherefore, optical efficiency of a lighting system may improve. That is,the light emitting device 1052 is advantageous in that the lightemitting device 1052 implements a HUD device for vehicle with a smallsize compared to FIG. 16 and maintains the same optical efficiency asthat in FIG. 16.

FIG. 18 is a diagram referred to for explaining a backlight unitaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 18, the backlight unit 1051 may include the circuitboard 1054 and the plurality of light emitting devices 1052 a, 1052 b,and 1052 c.

Although FIG. 18 illustrates an example in which the backlight unit 1051includes three light emitting devices 1052 a, 1052 b, and 1052 c, thebacklight unit 1051 may include four or more light emitting devices.

Meanwhile, a gap between the plurality of light emitting devices 1052 a,1052 b, and 1052 c may be referred to as

A gap between the plurality of light emitting devices 1052 a, 1052 b,and 1052 c may determine by a size of an LED chip 1730 (see FIG. 17)included in each of the plurality of light emitting devices 1052 a, 1052b, and 1052 c.

As described above with reference to FIG. 17, an emitting area of eachof the plurality of light emitting devices 1052 a, 1052 b, and 1052 c isdetermined by the size of the LED chip 1730.

In addition, a size of a collimation lens 910 (see FIG. 9A) may bedetermined by the size of the LED chip 1730.

The HUD device 1000 includes a plurality of collimation lenses 910respectively corresponding to the plurality of light emitting devices.

A gap between the light emitting devices 1052 a, 1052 b, and 1052 c iscorrelated to a space where each of the plurality of collimation lensesis arranged.

For example, for the plurality of collimation lenses to cover the wholelight generated by the plurality of light emitting devices 1052 a, 1052b, and 1052 c, a space where the plurality of collimation lenses is notallowed to intervene each other is needed.

For this reason, the size of the collimation lens 910 is determined bythe size of the LED chip.

The collimation lens 910 may include a first collimation lens group 911(see FIG. 9) and a second collimation lens group 912 (see FIG. 9).

The first collimation lens 911 may include a plurality of collimationlenses, the number of which matches with the number of the plurality oflight emitting devise 1052.

For example, the first collimation lens group 911 may include a firstcollimation lens, a second collimation lens, and a third collimationlens.

The first collimation lens may be disposed to correspond to the firstlight emitting device 1052 a. For example, the first collimation lensmay be disposed to cover the whole light output from the first lightemitting device 1052 a.

The second collimation lens may be disposed to correspond to the secondlight emitting device 1052 b. For example, the second collimation lensmay be disposed to cover the whole light output from the second lightemitting device 1052 b.

The third collimation lens may be disposed to correspond to the thirdlight emitting device 1052 c. For example, the third collimation lensmay be disposed to cover the whole light output from the third lightemitting device 1052 c.

In some embodiments, the first collimation lens group 911 may furtherinclude a fourth collimation lens.

The fourth collimation lens may be disposed to correspond to a fourthlight emitting device. For example, the fourth collimation lens may bedisposed to cover the whole light output from the fourth light emittingdevice.

The second collimation lens 912 may include A collimation lens, Bcollimation lens, and C collimation lens.

The A collimation lens may correspond to the third light emitting device1052 a.

A size of the A collimation lens may be determined by a first gap pabetween the first light emitting device 1052 a and the second lightemitting device 1052 b. For example, a diameter of the A collimationlens may be identical to the first gap pa. As the diameter of the Acollimation lens is identical to the first gap pa, a volume occupied bythe second collimation lens 912 may be minimized.

A size of the A collimation lens may be determined by a second gap pbbetween the first light emitting device 1052 a and the third lightemitting device 1052 c. For example, a diameter of the A collimationlens may be identical to the second gap pb. Due to this structure, avolume occupied by the second collimation lens 912 may be minimized.

The B collimation lens may correspond to the second light emittingdevice.

A size of the B collimation lens may be determined by the first gap pabetween the first light emitting device 1052 a and the second lightemitting device 1052 b. for example, a diameter of the B collimationlens may be identical to the first gap pa. Due to this structure, avolume occupied by the second collimation lens 912 may be minimized.

The C collimation lens may correspond to the third light emittingdevice.

A size of the C collimation lens may be determined by the second gap pbbetween the first light emitting device 1052 a and the third lightemitting device 1052 c. For example, a diameter of the C collimationlens may be identical to the second gap pb. Due to this structure, avolume occupied by the second collimation lens 912 may be minimized.

Meanwhile, light output from the first light emitting device 1052 a andhaving passed through the first collimation lens and the A collimationlens may have a first optical axis.

Light output from the second light emitting device 1052 b and havingpassed through the second collimation lens and the B collimation lensmay have a second optical axis.

Light output from the third light emitting device 1052 c and havingpassed through the third collimation lens and the C collimation lens mayhave a third optical axis.

The first optical axis, the second optical axis, and the third opticalaxis may be parallel to each other.

Meanwhile, a FEL 1110 (see FIG. 13) may have a first sub FEL 1110 a (seeFIG. 13) having a first optic pattern formed thereon, a second sub FEL1110 b having a second optic pattern formed thereon, and a third sub FEL1110 c (see FIG. 13) having a third optic pattern formed thereon.

A size of the first optic pattern may be determined by the first gap pabetween the first light emitting device 1052 a and the second lightemitting device 1052 b. For example, a width of the first sub FEL 1110 amay be determined by the first gap pa. For example, a cell width of thefirst FEL 1110 a may be determined by the first gap pa.

A size of the first optic pattern may be determined by the second gap pbbetween the first light emitting device 1052 a and the third lightemitting device 1052 c. For example, a width of the first sub FEL 1110 amay be determined by the first gap pa. For example, a cell width of thefirst FEL 1110 a may be determined by the first gap pa.

A size of the second optic pattern may be determined by the first gap pabetween the first light emitting device 1052 a and the second lightemitting device 1052 b. For example, a width of the second sub FEL 1110b may be determined by the first gap pa. For example, a cell width ofthe second sub FEL 1110 b may be determined by the first gap pa.

A size of the third optic pattern may be determined by the second gap pbbetween the first light emitting device 1052 a and the third lightemitting device 1052 c. For example, a width of the third sub FEL 1110 cmay be determined by the second gap pb. For example, a cell width of thethird sub FEL 1110 c may be determined by the second gap pb.

FIGS. 19 to 21 are diagrams referred to for explaining a HUD device inthe case where a plurality of light emitting devices forms an arrayaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a diagram referred to for explaining a pitch, an emittingarea, an entire emitting area, and an effective area.

Referring to FIG. 19, a plurality of light emitting devices 1052 a, 1052b, 1052 c, and 1052 d may form an array 1053.

On the array 1053, a gap between the plurality of light emitting devise1052 a, 1052 b, 1052 c, and 1052 d in a transverse direction may bedefined as a first pitch p1.

On the array 1053, a gap between the plurality of light emitting devise1052 a, 1052 b, 1052 c, and 1052 d in a longitudinal direction may bedefined as a second pitch p2.

An area of light provided from each of the light emitting devices 1052a, 1052 b, 1052 c, and 1052 d to a lens system 900 may be determined bya size of an LED chip 1730. Since the LED chip 1730 is mounted to thecircuit board 1054 by direct bonding, the area of the light from eachlight emitting device may be determined by the size of the LED chip1730.

An emitting area may be defined as a value that is obtained bymultiplying an emission width w to an emission height h. Herein, theemission width w may be a width of the LED chip 1730 as viewed fromabove. The emission height h may be a height of the LED chip 1730 asviewed from above.

The entire emitting area of the plurality of light emitting devices 1052a, 1052 b, 1052 c, and 1052 d may be defined as a value that is obtainedby multiplying a total emission width Ws and a total emission height Hs.

The image forming panel 1055 may have an effective area 1055 a. Theeffective area 1055 a may be defined as an area which light generated bythe light emitting devices 1052 reaches on the light forming panel 1055through the lens system 900.

The effective area 1055 a may be defined as a value that is obtained bymultiplying a width Wp of the effective area and a height Hp of theeffective area.

A gap between a plurality of light emitting devices may be determined bya size of the array 1053.

For example, the first pitch p1 may be determined by the size of thearray 1053.

For example, the second pitch p2 may be determined by the size of thearray 1053.

While the number of the plurality of light emitting devices isdetermined, a gap between the plurality of light emitting devices may bedetermined by a whole emitting area Ws*Hs. The whole emitting area Ws*Hsmay be determined by the size of the array 1053. Accordingly, the gapbetween the plurality of light emitting devices may be determined by thesize of the array 1053.

FIGS. 20A to 20C is a diagram referred to for explaining an effectiveangle of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of thepresent invention.

The term “effective angle” in this specification may be defined as anangle of a light which reaches at an effective area 1055 in the imageforming panel out of lights output from light emitting devices. A lightoutput beyond a range of the effective angle will be lost.

FIG. 20a illustrates an example of an effective angle of the lightemitting device 1600 in FIG. 16.

The light emitting device 1600 in FIG. 16 has an effective area greaterthan an effective area of the light emitting device 1052 in FIG. 17, andtherefore, if the light emitting device 1600 uses a collimation lens1910 in the same size as that of the collimation lens of the lightemitting device 1052 in FIG. 17, the light emitting device 1600 in FIG.16 may have an effective angle 1020 in a range of 90 degrees.

FIG. 20B illustrates an example of an effective angle of the lightemitting device 1052 in FIG. 17.

The light emitting device 1052 in FIG. 17 has an effective area smallerthan an effective area of the light emitting device 1600 in FIG. 16, andtherefore, if the light emitting device 1052 uses the collimation lens1910 in the same size as that of the light emitting device 1600 in FIG.16, the light emitting device 1052 may have an effective angle 2030close to 180 degrees.

Since the HUD device 1000 is disposed in a cockpit module of the vehicle100, the HUD device 100 needs to be miniaturized for freedom of design.

To implement the HUD device 1000 with an effective angle of 180 degrees,the light emitting device 1600 in FIG. 16 needs to have a collimationlens, which is greater than that of the light emitting device 1052 inFIG. 17, and an image forming panel, and thus the light emitting device1600 is disadvantageous in miniaturization. In addition, there is aproblem in that brightness (luminescence) of a generated image is lowbecause the effective area 1055 a is inevitably large.

On the other hand, the light emitting device 1052 according to anembodiment of the present invention may have an effective angle of 180degrees even with a relatively small-sized collimation lens.Accordingly, the HUD device according to an embodiment of the presentinvention is advantageous in miniaturization. In addition, there isanother advantage in that brightness (luminescence) of a generated imageis high because the effective area 1055 a can be maintained to apredetermined size.

FIG. 21 is a diagram referred to for explaining a relationship betweenthe plurality of light emitting devices 1052 and the image forming panel1055 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

A size of the image forming panel 1055 may be determined by theeffective area 1055 a.

The image forming panel 1055 is formed to be as large as the effectivearea 1055 a or a larger than the effective area 1055 a by apredetermined size.

The size of the image forming panel 1055 may be determined by a size ofan LED chip 1730 (see FIG. 17).

The size of the effective area 1055 a is determined by the size of theLED chip 1730 (see FIG. 17). An emitting area of each of the pluralityof light emitting devices 1052 is determined by the size of the LED chip1730.

A size of a collimation lens 910 is determined by the emitting area ofeach of the plurality of light emitting devices 1052. The size of thecollimation lens 910 may be determined by the size of the LED chip 1730.

A size of the effective area 1055 a formed on the basis of a lighthaving passed through an FEL 1100 is determined by the emitting area ofeach of the plurality of light emitting devices 1052. The size of theeffective area 1055 a is determined by the size of the LED chip 1730.

The size of the image forming panel 1055 may be determined by gaps p1and p2 between the plurality of light emitting devices 1052.

The size of the effective area 1055 a is determined by the gap p1 and p2between the plurality of light emitting devices 1052. The size of thearray is determined by the gap p1 and p2 between the plurality of lightemitting devices 1052.

The size of the image forming panel 1055 may be determined by the sizeof the array.

The size of the effective area 1055 a is determined by the size of thearray.

The present invention as described above may be implemented as code thatcan be written on a computer-readable medium in which a program isrecorded and thus read by a computer. The computer-readable mediumincludes all kinds of recording devices in which data is stored in acomputer-readable manner. Examples of the computer-readable recordingmedium may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state disk (SSD), asilicon disk drive (SDD), a read only memory (ROM), a random accessmemory (RAM), a compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), a magnetic tape,a floppy disc, and an optical data storage device. In addition, thecomputer-readable medium may be implemented as a carrier wave (e.g.,data transmission over the Internet). In addition, the computer mayinclude a processor or a controller. Thus, the above detaileddescription should not be construed as being limited to the embodimentsset forth herein in all terms, but should be considered by way ofexample. The scope of the present invention should be determined by thereasonable interpretation of the accompanying claims and all changes inthe equivalent range of the present invention are intended to beincluded in the scope of the present invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A Head Up Display (HUD) device for a vehicle, thedevice comprising: a plurality of light emitting devices; an imageforming panel configured to generate an image based on light providedfrom the plurality of light emitting devices and output the image; alens system arranged between the plurality of light emitting devices andthe image forming device and configured to transmit light generated bythe plurality of light emitting devices to the image forming panel; anda processor configured to control the plurality of light emittingdevices and the image forming panel, wherein each of the plurality oflight emitting devices is mounted to a circuit board by direct bonding.2. The display device of claim 1, wherein each of the light emittingdevices comprises a Light Emitting Diode (LED) chip.
 3. The device ofclaim 2, wherein a gap between the plurality of light emitting devicesare determined by a size of the LED chip.
 4. The device of claim 2,wherein the plurality of light emitting devices forms an array, andwherein a gap between the plurality of light emitting devices aredetermined by a size of the array.
 5. The device of claim 2, wherein anarea of light provided from the plurality of light emitting devices tothe lens system is determined by a size of the LED chip.
 6. The deviceof claim 1, wherein the lens system comprises: a first collimation lensgroup comprising a plurality of collimation lenses arranged tocorrespond to the plurality of light emitting devices, respectively; anda second collimation lens group comprising a plurality of collimationlenses arranged to correspond to the plurality of light emittingdevices, respectively.
 7. The device of claim 6, wherein the pluralityof light emitting devices comprises a first light emitting device,wherein the first collimation lens group comprises a first collimationlens, and wherein the first collimation lens covers whole light outputfrom the first light emitting device.
 8. The device of claim 6, whereinthe plurality of light emitting devices comprises: a first lightemitting device configured to output first light; a second lightemitting device configured to output second light; and a third lightemitting device configured to output third light, wherein the firstlight emitting device is arranged between the second light emittingdevice and the third light emitting device, and wherein the secondcollimation lens group comprises A collimation lens corresponding to thefirst light emitting device, and wherein a size of the A collimationlens is determined by a first gap between the first light emittingdevice and the second light emitting device or a second gap between thesecond light emitting device and the third light emitting device.
 9. Themethod of claim 6, wherein the plurality of light emitting devicescomprises: a first light emitting device; and a second light emittingdevice, wherein the first collimation lens group comprises: a firstcollimation lens corresponding to the first light emitting device; and asecond collimation lens corresponding to the second light emittingdevice, wherein the second collimation lens group comprises: Acollimation lens corresponding to the first light emitting device; and Bcollimation lens corresponding to the second light emitting device,wherein a first optical axis of light output from the first lightemitting device and having passed through the first collimation lens andthe A collimation lens, and a second optical axis of light, output fromthe second light emitting device and having passed through the secondcollimation lens and the B collimation lens are parallel to each other.10. The device of claim 6, wherein the lens system comprises a Fly EyeLens (FEL) on which a plurality of optic patterns are formed tocorrespond to the plurality of light emitting devices, respectively. 11.The device of claim 10, wherein the FEL comprises a plurality of cellsand provides uniform light to the image forming panel by causing light,which is provided from at least one of the plurality of light emittingdevices to at least some of the plurality of cells, to expand to apredetermined size.
 12. The device of claim 10, wherein the plurality oflight emitting devices comprises: a first light emitting deviceconfigured to output first light; a second light emitting deviceconfigured to output second light; and a third light emitting deviceconfigured to output third light, and wherein the FEL comprises: a firstsub FEL on which a first optic pattern is formed so as to induce thefirst light to be uniformly provided to the image forming panel; asecond sub FEL on which a second optic pattern is formed so as to inducethe second light to be uniformly provided to the image forming panel;and a third sub FEL on which a third optic pattern is formed so as toinduce the third light to be uniformly provided to the image formingpanel.
 13. The device of claim 12, wherein the first light emittingdevice is arranged between the second light emitting device and thethird light emitting device, and wherein a size of the first opticpattern is determined by a first gap between the first light emittingdevice and the second light emitting device or a second gap between thesecond light emitting device and the third light emitting device. 14.The device of claim 12, wherein the first sub FEL, the second sub FEL,and the third sub FEL are integrally formed with each other.
 15. Thedevice of claim 10, wherein the lens system comprises: a firstillumination lens; and a second illumination lens, wherein the firstillumination lens focuses light distributed through the FEL on thesecond illumination lens, and wherein the second illumination lensfocuses light having different angles of incidence on the image formingpanel.
 16. The device of claim 15, wherein the first illumination lensand the second illumination lens are formed such that a light incidentsurface and a light emitting surface are convex.
 17. The device of claim15, wherein a size of the first illumination lens is determined by anumber of collimation lenses included in the second collimation lensgroup.
 18. The device of claim 15, wherein the second illumination lensis formed to be greater than the image forming panel.
 19. The device ofclaim 2, wherein the plurality of light emitting devices forms an array,and wherein a size of the image forming panel is determined by a size ofthe LED chip, a gap between the plurality of light emitting devices, ora size of the array.
 20. A vehicle comprising the HUD device of claim 1.